Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Micellar Casein and Whey Powder Hold a TGF-β Activity and Regulate ID Genes In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/molecules26020507

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 3. Casein and whey powder enhance TGF-β target genes in gingival fibroblasts. Gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 1% of a pooled reconstituted powder from three providers of casein and whey for 24 h followed by expression analysis of (A) IL11, (B) NOX4 and (C) PRG4. Data points represent fold change of independent experiments compared to the unstimulated controls. Statistical analysis was based on Mann–Whitney U test.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, the cell culture supernatant was harvested and subjected to the human IL11 Quantikine ELISA testing (#DY218; R&D Systems).

Techniques: Expressing, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Micellar Casein and Whey Powder Hold a TGF-β Activity and Regulate ID Genes In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/molecules26020507

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. TGF-β pan specific neutralizing antibody reduces whey TGF-β activity. Gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 1% whey powder with and without 10 ng/mL of a TGF-β pan specific neutralizing antibody for 24 h followed by expression analysis of (A) IL11, (B) NOX4 and (C) PRG4. Data points represent fold change of independent experiments compared to the unstimulated controls. Statistical analysis was based on paired T-test.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, the cell culture supernatant was harvested and subjected to the human IL11 Quantikine ELISA testing (#DY218; R&D Systems).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Micellar Casein and Whey Powder Hold a TGF-β Activity and Regulate ID Genes In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/molecules26020507

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 5. Casein and whey powder formulation enhances TGF-β target genes via TGF-β RI kinase. Gingival fibroblasts were exposed to 1% of a reconstituted pooled casein (A–C) and whey (D–F) powder with and without the TGF-β RI kinase inhibitor SB431542 (SB43). Expression analysis of (A,D) IL11, (B,E) NOX4 and (C,F) PRG4 was performed with RT-PCR. Data points represent fold change of independent experiments compared to the unstimulated controls. Statistical analysis was based on paired T-test.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, the cell culture supernatant was harvested and subjected to the human IL11 Quantikine ELISA testing (#DY218; R&D Systems).

Techniques: Formulation, Expressing, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

Journal: Molecules

Article Title: Micellar Casein and Whey Powder Hold a TGF-β Activity and Regulate ID Genes In Vitro

doi: 10.3390/molecules26020507

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. IL11 immunoassay of fibroblasts exposed to cell supernatants. Immunoassay for IL11 was performed with the supernatant of the cells and the data are expressed as pg/mL. TGF-β RI kinase inhibitor SB431542 is marked as SB43. Statistical analysis was based on a Friedman test and Dunn’s multiple comparison. “wo” stands for without, indicating the unstimulated cells.

Article Snippet: After 24 h, the cell culture supernatant was harvested and subjected to the human IL11 Quantikine ELISA testing (#DY218; R&D Systems).

Techniques: Comparison